, but this code // executes before the first paint, when

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is not yet present. The // classes are added to so styling immediately reflects the current // toolbar state. The classes are removed after the toolbar completes // initialization. const classesToAdd = ['toolbar-loading', 'toolbar-anti-flicker']; if (toolbarState) { const { orientation, hasActiveTab, isFixed, activeTray, activeTabId, isOriented, userButtonMinWidth } = toolbarState; classesToAdd.push( orientation ? `toolbar-` + orientation + `` : 'toolbar-horizontal', ); if (hasActiveTab !== false) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-tray-open'); } if (isFixed) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-fixed'); } if (isOriented) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-oriented'); } if (activeTray) { // These styles are added so the active tab/tray styles are present // immediately instead of "flickering" on as the toolbar initializes. In // instances where a tray is lazy loaded, these styles facilitate the // lazy loaded tray appearing gracefully and without reflow. const styleContent = ` .toolbar-loading #` + activeTabId + ` { background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25) 20%, transparent 200%); } .toolbar-loading #` + activeTabId + `-tray { display: block; box-shadow: -1px 0 5px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 33%); border-right: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f5f5f5; z-index: 0; } .toolbar-loading.toolbar-vertical.toolbar-tray-open #` + activeTabId + `-tray { width: 15rem; height: 100vh; } .toolbar-loading.toolbar-horizontal :not(#` + activeTray + `) > .toolbar-lining {opacity: 0}`; const style = document.createElement('style'); style.textContent = styleContent; style.setAttribute('data-toolbar-anti-flicker-loading', true); document.querySelector('head').appendChild(style); if (userButtonMinWidth) { const userButtonStyle = document.createElement('style'); userButtonStyle.textContent = `#toolbar-item-user {min-width: ` + userButtonMinWidth +`px;}` document.querySelector('head').appendChild(userButtonStyle); } } } document.querySelector('html').classList.add(...classesToAdd); })(); Perceptions of the U.S. Police Among Latin-American Immigrants: A Bifocal Lens View. - News & Stories | »Æ´óÏɸßÊÖÂÛ̳

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Perceptions of the U.S. Police Among Latin-American Immigrants: A Bifocal Lens View.

Sun, Oct 09, 2022
The current study aimed to identify Latin-American immigrants’ bifocal lens views of the U.S. police and compare them to their contact experiences with their home-country police. We performed semi-structured interviews with twenty-one Latin-American immigrants who have resided in the Birmingham metropolitan area in Alabama. An inductive analysis approach was employed to analyze the qualitative data. The results showed that the Latin-American immigrants’ direct contact experience with the U.S. police has mainly been positive, but they still felt targeted. Even if their indirect experiences lead them to perceive a violent and biased image of the U.S. police force, participants appreciated the U.S. police as honest and not corrupt. Besides, while most participants expressed willingness to report crimes, they simultaneously recognized that other Latin-American immigrants would not feel comfortable reporting crimes due to the fear of deportation. Finally, we found that the perception of the U.S. police among Latin-American immigrants was primarily the result of the juxtaposition of the U.S. police's professionalism against their home-country police. We further discuss policy implications and study limitations in this study.

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